Relating to EE Cummings Poetry :: Biography Biographies Essays

Relating to EE Cummings' Poetry It's not necessarily easy to read. And it's probably harder to understand. But the poetry of ee cummings has made a nitch in our society of innovative minds and experimental art that we cannot argue. Whether we like it, hate it, or throw it down in frustration, we have to appreciate the door this poet has opened for so many generations of writers and stylists. We picked "my sweet old etcetera" because if was the simplist poems to understand, and there's a lot we could say about it (and we each had a 750 word responce paper ahead of us to think about.) "my sweet old etcetera" begins by describing the folks back home and their conversations of know-it-all nothingness. He describes how they share their righteous opinions about a war they know very little about. He uses the word "etcetera" throughout the poem as some people today use the phrase "blah blah blah" to trail the ends of their sentences. Come on, you know you say it. I know I do all the time..."my story is going to be about chasing dreams, and hopefulness, da da da da da." This poem discribes how hypocritical we all are. How we can talk about something that's happening a million miles away as if we know all, when we really can't possibly know anything about it. After reading it over and over again, I find that I can relate to this poem in one way. Last year, I had my first taste of being away from home. Back home, everyone was so proud of what I had accomplished--going so far away to follow my dreams. They knew without a doubt that I was going to be successful. They knew without a doubt that I was happy, that I was driven. They said so all the time. But what they didn't talk about were my everyday mistakes and misfortunes. They didn't mention that I no longer took center stage--that I rarely ever performed in town. they seems to pass over that awful semester of sociology and my first heartbreaks away from home. They didn't talk about it because in the long run, they knew all of that didn't matter.

Division Zombie Essay

Matt Coon Mrs. Scott English Comp 15 March 2013 Zombies A zombie is defined as a deceased human body that has somehow become reanimated and autonomous, yet no longer has sufficient brain or vital functions to be considered alive or capable of thought. The characteristics of a zombie have evolved over the years and throughout various cultures. In Africa they portray a zombie as a soulless being used as a slave for a voodoo priest. Never the less we will take a look at the American portrayal of the modern day zombie.We will do this by dividing the â€Å"zombie† into four different categories; the walkers, the runners, the crawlers, and the mutated zombies. In the older legends, zombie lore usually involved some form of voodoo or evil magic, but most modern zombie-themed media centralizes the idea of a rapidly spreading disease or virus causing the human species to turn into mindless beings with an intense hunger for the human flesh. Walkers were the first breed of zombie that ac tually craved human flesh. The usually spell-induced African zombies were just soulless beings; they had no desire to feast on people.Very fragile, and mostly decomposed, these â€Å"walkers† move extremely slowly. However, what they lack in agility, they make up for in magnitude. Usually walking around aimlessly, the walkers normally travel in groups, a lot like a flock of birds, but at the first sight of flesh the group converges and the next thing you know your overcome. Of all the types of zombies, walkers are probably the most realistic. The idea of somebody dying and being resurrected as a necrotic, dead cannibal is terrifying to a majority of the population.They may lurch about and stumble comically, but it only takes one to alert the rest of the group and nest thing you know you have an army chasing you from all directions. All for the BRAINS! Created to put zombie movies at a faster pace, the â€Å"runner† is not technically a zombie. Customarily originated by a man-made disease or virus, these zombies are exceedingly fast and viciously savage. This is why happening upon a single runner can be just as deadly as meeting an entire horde of the inferior walkers. Assumedly because quick, hard-to-catch targets darting around the screen present more of a threat han those slower moving zombies, runners often play the most crucial part in zombie-based video games and films of this day and age. Zombies are nothing but soul-less, rotting bodies; so what happens to them when they lose a part of themselves? Started by the popular video game Call of Duty, crawlers are normal zombies, walkers or runners, who had their legs dismembered in an attempt to kill them. Usually caused by trying to cut them or some sort of explosion. These zombies are typically slow moving and easy prey; but if you are not vigilant they can be very hazardous.Even if they can’t chase you down and attack you, they still carry whatever infection or virus put them in their current condition, and they are more than capable of passing it on while fighting you off. They will often attack the feet and ankles first, in attempts to infect and weaken you. Then, when you fall to the ground, they feast. Last of all, there are the mutated zombies. Mutated zombies were started by the popular video-game-turned-movie series, Resident Evil. Infected, panicked, and fighting to retain life, scientists attempted to create a serum to battle the virus.At first it seemed as if it was working, and the disease was to be cured; alas, most of them turned into to heaps of rotting, radioactive flesh, starving for the taste of brains. There are other cases where a zombie is doused in radioactive material, afterwards becoming virtually unrecognizable afterwards. These unlucky few are freakishly disfigured; they are also generally very agile and extremely strong. Not only infected, most mutated zombies also come radioactive, one touch who knows what may happen?Uninfected humans o ften have no chance of survival when standing up to one of these monsters. Even though the zombie apocalypse will probably never happen, it is always going to be one of the human race’s biggest fears. Maybe this essay will help somebody through it by knowing all of the many types of zombies, each one stronger and faster than the other. We also know never to turn your back on a zombie, even if it is just crawling around snapping at your ankles. The zombie apocalypse might not happen any time soon but it is always good to be prepared.

The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger Essay - 624 Words

Holden’s Valuable Accessory â€Å"The Catcher in the Rye† is a 1950’s novel written by J.D. Salinger. It tells a story about a teenage boy who travels to multiple locations throughout New York after being kicked out of his school, Pencey. Throughout the book, Salinger uses numerous amount of symbolism to show the feelings of the main character, Holden Caulfield. One of the most recognized symbol is Holden’s red hunting hat. It is present in many situations and has abundance amount of symbolic characteristics. The red hunting hat plays an important role to Holden and represents his individuality, safety, as well as his strive for childhood innocence. In the beginning of the story, Holden buys the red hunting hat while in New York for a†¦show more content†¦While Holden was leaving Pencey, Holden places the hat on his head before saying, â€Å"[...]Sleep tight, ya morons! Ill bet I woke up every bastard on the whole floor. Then I got the hell out† (Salinger 29). Holden does not voice his opinions, but with his hat on he feels protected enough to say what he feels. The hat gives Holden a sense of strength and protection to live in the world in which he calls, â€Å"phoniness†. Holden’s hunting hat symbolizes the fight between himself and wanting to remain a child forever. Towards the end of the novel, Holden feels like he no longer needs the hat so he gives it to his little sister, Phoebe, â€Å"Then I took my hunting hat out of my coat pocket and gave it to her. She likes those kind of crazy hats† (Salinger 97). Holden is trying to protect her from the phoniness world by giving her a valuable piece of clothing that kept him protected. While Holden and Phoebe were on the carousel ride Holden says, â€Å"My hunting hat really gave me quite a lot of protection, in a way; but I got soaked anyway† (Salinger 114). Although, the hat gave him protection from the rain he still says that he got soaked anyway. At this point Holden realizes that the hat does not protect him from the rain and realizes that he cannot be protect from adulthood forever by wearing his hat. Holden now believes nothing cannot remain the same forever and has to face that fact that he is soon enteringShow MoreRelatedThe Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger637 Words   |  3 PagesThe Catcher in the Rye, by J.D Salinger, consists of many minor characters. There are more than about sixty characters in the novel in which only three of them are major characters (Holden, Allie, and Phoebe) and the rest minor. Many of these characters are just mentioned with no lasting impact on either the novel itself or H olden. Salinger uses minor characters in the Catcher in the Rye to tell the readers about Holden and his views about the world. The first minor character seen in the CatcherRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger654 Words   |  3 Pagesfirst questions that came to my mind when I received the first assignment notice that we would be reading The Catcher in the Rye for English class. The title is most likely the single most important word choice that the author must make. J.D. Salinger uses the title in the book to allude to more than just when Holden sees the young child singing. J.D. Salingers title, The Catcher in the Rye, alludes to the conflict Holden faces of sexuality when growing up. The first reference made to the titleRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger944 Words   |  4 PagesMany people have different aspects and impressions on a teenager’s life. Some say society is the problem for their misbehaviours while others say it is the child who is responsible. Catcher in the Rye by J.D Salinger tells a story of a teenage boy named Holden Caulfield who gets kicked out from school to school. He never pushed himself in academics or anything and ended up failing, at most, everything. He re-tells what happened to him in New York after he got kicked out of Pencey Prep and secretlyRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger1005 Words   |  5 PagesHolden Caulfield, the protagonist of J.D. Salinger’s classic coming of age tale The Catcher in the Rye, entices readers through his hyper-critical scrutinization of the post-war consumer world. The novel itself is acclaimed to be quite autobiographical; the similarities between Salinger and H olden are numerous. Holden is an avid critic of materialistic American ideals, and he aims to preserve innocence in others, and to save himself from falling into the land of adulthood. After failing out ofRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger862 Words   |  3 PagesThe Catcher in the Rye a novel written by J.D. Salinger, the book starts off with Holden Caulfield, main protagonist, talks about his experience alone the weekend before he went home after getting kicked out of Pencey Prep.Holden seems to be embracing the growing up mentality yet he is frighten of adulthood he is trying to keep his innocence. Holden’s attitude toward life in general is perplexed. He pretends to be an adult by drinking heavily, yet he complains like a child. Holdens thoughts arentRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger1515 Words   |  7 PagesIn the novel, The Catcher in the Rye, written by J.D. Salinger, Holden Caulfield is a very complex and interesting person to take into consideration and psychoanalyze. His various traits make him a different person from the rest of the phonies in the world. Holden says, â€Å"All you do is make a lot of dough and play golf and play bridge and buy cars and drink Martinis and look like a hot-shot. How would you know you werent being a phony? The trouble is, you wouldnt.† What Holden doesn’t realizeRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger798 Words   |  3 PagesCatcher in the Rye Essay Anyone who has lost a beloved relative to cancer or other illnesses can understand how difficult it is to return to a normal living routine and move on with their lives without the relative. In J.D. Salinger’s novel, Holden Caulfield has to deal with the loss of his younger brother to leukemia. A few years after his younger brother, Allie, passed away, Holden finds himself being kicked out of yet another boarding school, this one being Pencey Prep in Pennsylvania. HoldenRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger1104 Words   |  4 Pages J.D. Salinger has written multiple novels, but his most famous is The Catcher in the Rye. Not only is this novel famous for its literary merit, it is also known as his most banned novel in certain schools. Even though this novel has been banned, J.D. Salinger’s themes and moralistic purposes serve literary worth. In The Catcher in the Rye, the reader is first introduced to Holden Caulfield, as first person narrator. He is a radically independent adolescent who tosses off judgments at ease unselfconsciouslyRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger983 Words   |  4 PagesCatcher in the Rye Essay Throughout Catcher in the Rye there are a lot of small parts of the story where it would be linked to the book and to the text all together. J.D. Salinger created a lot of important passages that would be associated with what type of message that he was trying to convey to the audience. Salinger would develop certain characters like Phoebe through her description and actions to have a influence on Holden, thus causing him to change as a character and reveal sides of himRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger507 Words   |  2 PagesJ.D Salinger is a very known american writer whose literature became very popular. His books revolved around many ideas such as his view on children. Children in many of his books have an innocence that Salinger grasps onto and makes adults corrupt. Also, he shows how children are teachers to adults but can still be foolish. Purity in children are expressed throughout many stories by Salinger. In Catcher In the Rye, Holden repeatedly expressed â€Å"Did you ask her if she still keeps all her kings in

The Significance of the Townspeople and Emilys Father in...

A necrophiliac is described as a person who has an obsessive fascination with death and corpses (Mifflin 1). Emily, a necrophiliac in the story, â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† is a deranged, lost, and confused woman. A story filled with many symbols that help the stories meaning. The only man Emily knew growing up was her father. He taught her to trust no man, and no man would ever be good for her. He was highly favored through the town and everyone looked to him. The small town of curious and nosey people makes the story of â€Å"A Rose for Emily.† The town’s people are curious to know Emily’s every step, or wondering what she is going to do next, her appearance, and where the horrible smell in her house comes from. She meets a man in this small town and†¦show more content†¦She stays in her home and never comes out. The town is filled with hear say gossip and the townspeople only know what they hear about her. Nothing is understood until the sickening truth is found out about her. It is all just one big mystery to them until her bedroom is unlocked. Faulkner also talks about the stench of Emily’s home. Our attention is drawn to her home when it is used to symbolize Emily and how she is growing old over the years. Emily’s home also has a great deal to do with the story because the home seems to be the townspeople’s vocal point. Everyone wants know where the horrific smell is coming from and what is in the closed out room that not a soul has gone into. The smell, the foul order reaches out past her home and the smell seeps out under the floor of her home. The town’s begins to complain about the smell emanating from the house. Faulkner’s says, â€Å"Like Miss Emily it stands â€Å"lifting its stubborn and coquettish decay† alone amidst alien surroundings. When the town complains about the smell emanating from the house, the judge equates house and woman: â€Å"Will you accuse a lady to her face of smelling bad?† Miss Emily becomes a fallen woman where she lived in a house that had à ¢â‚¬Å"once been white†¦ set on what had once been our most select street†¦lifting its stubborn and coquettish decay above the cotton wagons and gasoline pumps an eyesore among eyesores.† The house, like Miss Emily, has fallen from purity and like Miss Emily it is an eyesore, forShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of the Short Story A Rose for Emily Essay1038 Words   |  5 PagesThe reason I chose to analyze â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner is because I am a lover of suspense and terror. The story totally caught my attention because the general tone is one of violence, gloom, and terror. The setting also plays an important role because it gives the reader a better understanding of the different situations. The main character, Emily, plays the role of a tragic figure that seems to be seen only from the outside. Sometimes people judge others from the outside, but theyRead MoreSymbolism in A Rose for Emily Essay1240 Words   |  5 Pagesthe symbols and their s ignificance to the story. While reading a story, symbols may not become clear until the very end, once the climax is over, and the falling action is covered. In William Faulkner’s, â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† there are multiple examples of symbolism that occur throughout the story. Symbolism that â€Å"A Rose for Emily† displays is Miss Emily’s taxes that represent death. First is the death of her father. The taxes are a symbol of the financial remission her father experiences, but keepsRead MoreWilliam Faulkners A Rose for Emily1600 Words   |  7 Pages William Faulkners A Rose for Emily  is set in the small southern town of Jefferson during the early decades of the twentieth century . At this time, vast and cardinal changes were being made by the upcoming new south to conceal and move from the horrid truths that were a part of the towns history. In lieu of this, Jefferson was at a turning point in which they were having difficulty coming to terms with these changes . Integrating Faulkners use of character and symbols with other sourcesRead More Importance of Human Interaction in William Faulkners A Rose for Emily1372 Words   |  6 PagesImportance of Human Interaction in William Faulkners A Rose for Emily Are human beings responsible for the well being of others that they come into contact with? William Faulkners story A Rose for Emily considers the significance that human interaction has or does not have on peoples lives. Faulkner creatively uses a shocking ending to cause readers to reevaluate their own interactions with others in their lives. Throughout the story, Faulkner uses characters that may relate to the readersRead MorePlot Analysis of a Rose for Emily1257 Words   |  6 PagesPlot Analysis of â€Å"A Rose for Emily, A Silent Shell† â€Å"In this world, nothing is certain but death and taxes.† This quote by Benjamin Franklin is a mirror to Emily’s story as it begins with her death and then the reader is abruptly brought into the tax remission she received after the death of her father. This interesting yet confusing vignette is about a girl named Emily Grierson and her inconsiderate relation with the town, a man she loved, Homer Baron, and her Father. For Readers of FaulknerRead MoreA Rose for Emily Analysis Essay1034 Words   |  5 Pageshave a deep view into Miss Emily’s feelings. From this point of view, we see things as how they would appear to a townsperson or viewer. 2) What does the title of the story suggest about the townspeople’s feelings toward Miss Emily? Why do they feel this way about her? (Or: What does she represent to them?) Is there anything ironic about their feelings? The title of the story suggests that the townspeople have some sort of caring feeling towards her, since a rose is usually a symbol of careRead MoreEmilys Rose Essay652 Words   |  3 PagesEmilys Rose Emily lives in the small town of Jefferson. Jefferson is a town where her family has lived for generations, and where her family is known to have â€Å"held themselves a little to high for what they were;† so they were treated as such. Emily is kept home by her father and almost hidden from the entire town; the gentlemen callers who dared come calling for Miss Emily’s hand were only â€Å"vanquished† by her father. They were not of â€Å"social standing† to be permitted her time and company.Read MoreAn Analysis of William Faulkner’s â€Å"a Rose for Emily†1428 Words   |  6 Pagesof William Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily† When a person has only been taught dysfunctional love, it is all too often that this is the only kind of love they will ever experience. In â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, William Faulkner explores an unorthodox relationship between an aristocratic southern lady named Miss Emily Grierson, and a blue-collar northern fellow named Homer Barron. The narrator, who likely represents the townspeople, describes Miss Emily’s unusual father in detail. Because of thisRead MoreExamples Of Foreshadowing In A Rose For Emily1417 Words   |  6 Pagesforced into by her overprotective father, Miss Emily Grierson in â€Å"A Rose for Emily† struggles to cope with a changing environment after his death. Her mental deterioration even culminates into the murder of her significant other Homer Barron to keep him from leaving her as well. In his story, William Faulkner foreshadows Miss Emily’s mental instability from the very beginning with specific hints. Some of those tactics are portrayed in the description of Miss Emily’s family history, the words and actionsRead More Faulkners A Rose for Emily Essay2369 Words   |  10 PagesFaulkners short story is the relationship between the past and present in Emily Grierson, the protagonist. She did not accept the passage of time throughout all her life, keeping everything she loved in the past with her. The story shows Emilys past and her family story. This information explains her behaviour towards time. Firstly, her fathers lack of desire to move on into the future and his old-fashioned ways kept Emily away from the changing society and away from any kind of social relationship:

Definition of Air Pollution - 7529 Words

1. Definition of air pollution Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or cause damage to the natural environment or built environment, into the atmosphere. The atmosphere is a complex dynamic natural gaseous system that is essential to support life on planet Earth. Stratospheric ozone depletion due to air pollution has long been recognized as a threat to human health as well as to the Earths ecosystems. Indoor air pollution and urban air quality are listed as two of the worlds worst pollution problems in the 2008 Blacksmith Institute Worlds Worst Polluted Places report.[1] Define Air pollutants Pollutants Main†¦show more content†¦Within the NMVOCs, the aromatic compounds benzene, toluene and xylene are suspected carcinogens and may lead to leukemia through prolonged exposure. 1,3-butadiene is another dangerous compound which is often associated with industrial uses. * Particulate matter - Particulates, alternatively referred to as particulate matter (PM) or fine particles, are tiny particles of solid or liquid suspended in a gas. In contrast, aerosol refers to particles and the gas together. Sources of particulate matter can be man made or natural. Some particulates occur naturally, originating from volcanoes, dust storms, forest and grassland fires, living vegetation, and sea spray. Human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels in vehicles, power plants and various industrial processes also generate significant amounts of aerosols. Averaged over the globe, anthropogenic aerosols—those made by human activities—currently account for about 10 percent of t he total amount of aerosols in our atmosphere. Increased levels of fine particles in the air are linked to health hazards such as heart disease,[3] altered lung function and lung cancer. * Persistent free radicals connected to airborne fine particles could cause cardiopulmonary disease.[4][5] * Toxic metals, such as lead, cadmium and copper. * Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) - harmful to the ozone layer emitted from products currently banned from use. * Ammonia (NH3) - emitted from agricultural processes. Ammonia is a compoundShow MoreRelatedEssay Types of Pollution942 Words   |  4 Pagesenvironmental pollution. So we wanted to discuss this issue and ask the solutions that we see appropriate. The Definition of pollution in different ways, such as: that the pollution is to put the material in places not appropriate or that pollute the environment (intentional or unintentional) with human excrement. The pollution is carried out by things that human do or produce from his actions, eithe r deliberately or Unintentionally. Definition: - The pollution we can definitively from the definition ofRead MoreThe Clean Air Act ( Caa )1640 Words   |  7 PagesThe Clean Air Act (CAA) is a law that regulates air emissions from mobile and stationary sources. This law is comprehensive federal that authorize the U.S Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) establish National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) to protect people’s health and welfare and to regulate emissions of hazardous air pollutants (The United States Environmental Protection Agency EPA, 2015). The title I of the Clean Air Act (CAA) states the general requirements for states to submit StrategicRead MoreThe Economic Development Of Bangladesh1710 Words   |  7 Pagesturn also is a reason for pollution and environmental degradation. Poor still remain poor for the cruel pollution-poverty cycle, while pollution and environmental degradation increases with mass industrialization, contributing to increased poverty. Land degradation is due to improper agriculture actions as well as social and environmental effects related to these practices which is increasing many parts of this country. Deforestation, water, air and industrial pollution, unsustainable land use, intenseRead MoreAir Pollution in China Essay747 Words   |  3 PagesAir Pollution in China When people think about air pollution, the things that come to their mind are smog, acid rain, and other forms of outdoor air pollution. Air Pollution is not a new topic. It is a problem that we have noticed since the industrial revolution, when trees, houses and cars were covered in soot from the factories. Every year, chemical substances present in the air within buildings affect the healths of thousands of people. The definition of air pollution is The presence in theRead MorePhilippine Clean Air Act of 19991654 Words   |  7 PagesPhilippine Clean Air Act of 1999 CHAPTER 1: GENERAL PROVISIONS Article One: Basic Air Quality Policies SECTION 1. Short Title. - This Act shall be known as the Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999. SECTION 2. Declaration of Principles. - The State shall protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature. The State shall promote and protect the global environment to attain sustainable development while recognizing the primaryRead MoreMagical Thinking Case Study1469 Words   |  6 PagesFunerals Carol Nemeroff and Paul Rozin’s definition of magical thinking, and the laws of similarity and contagion are demonstrated in the case study â€Å"Funeral Specialists in Cantonese Society: Pollution, Performance, and Social Hierarchy† by James L. Watson . In this essay I will first be exploring Nemeroff and Rozin’s definition of sympathetic magical thinking with respect to both the laws of similarity and contagion. Secondly, I will be using those same definition and laws to demonstrate the validityRead MoreThe Importance of Air Essay779 Words   |  4 PagesThe Importance Of Air Other planets have sunlight, but the Earth is the only planet we know that has air and water. Without air and water, the Earth would be unable to sustain life. A diverse community of plant and animal life has thrived on this planet for millions of years, sustained by the sun and supported by the soil, water and air. Definition of air pollution Air pollution occurs when the air contains gases, dust, fumes or odour in harmful amounts. That is, amounts which could be harmfulRead MoreThe Effects Of Air Pollution On Human Health Essay1381 Words   |  6 PagesObjectives 1. To establish the definition of air pollution and pollutants and determine their chemical nature. 2. To identify the causes of Air pollution 3. To define air pollution in India with respect to law as stated in the Indian Constitution. 4. To describe the Supreme Court interjection due to Delhi’s pollution and its results. 5. To assess the air pollution level in Delhi and compare the levels before and after Diwali 6. To find the level of pollution caused by different sources and the dataRead MoreNational Resource Council993 Words   |  4 Pagesdeference† in more recent cases. Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977 impose certain requirements on States that have not achieved the national air quality standards established by the Environmental Protection Agency in earlier legislation. The Amendments required the â€Å"nonattainment† states to establish a permit program regulating â€Å"new or modified major stationary sources† of air pollution, pursuant to stringent conditions. The EPA decision to allow states to treat all pollution-emitting devices within the sameRead MoreEffects Of The Vatican And Nazi Germany1375 Words   |  6 Pagesdeaths- as a result of air pollution exposure.† (http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2014/air-pollution/en/) The definition of air pollution is the air contains gases, dust, fumes or odor in harmful amounts. That is, amounts which could be harmful to the health or comfort of humans and animals or which could cause damage to plants and materials. Primary air pollutant includes carbon monoxide from car exhausts and sulfur dioxide from the combustion of coal. Further pollution can arise if pollutants

Chemical Earth Notes free essay sample

The living and non-living components of the Earth contain mixtures. Identify the difference between elements, compounds and mixtures in terms of particle theory. An mixture is an impure substance that is, a pure substance contaminated with small amounts of one or more other substances. An element is a pure substance which cannot be separated into other simpler substances. A compound is a pure substance which can be decomposed into simpler substances e. g. elements. Identify that the biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere contain examples of mixtures of elements and compounds. The biosphere consists of atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere. The atmosphere contains mixture of gases, and mainly the mixture of nitrogen, oxygen and argon and contains small amounts of gaseous compounds e. g. water, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide. The lithosphere contains an extremely diverse variety of mixtures: rocks: compounds of silicon, oxygen, and many metals sand: mainly silicon dioxide and fine dirt soils: clays, aluminium, silicon, oxygen, metals and decomposing animal and vegetable matter mineral ores: oxides, sulphides, carbonates, sulfates, chlorides coal, oil and natural gas: mixtures of compounds or carbon formed from decayed plant and animal matter Elements: iron, gold, silver, copper The hydrosphere major component is the compound water with small quantities of elements such as oxygen and nitroge n and compounds such as carbon dioxide, sodium, calcium and magnesium chloride and sulphates. We will write a custom essay sample on Chemical Earth Notes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Apart from dissolved oxygen and nitrogen the mixtures of the hydrosphere contain only compounds. Identify and describe procedures that can be used to separate naturally occurring mixtures of: solids of different sizes, solids and liquids, dissolved solids in liquids, liquids and gases. Separation of solids of different sizes: Solids of different sizes can be separated by sieving Separation of solids and liquids: Solids and liquids can be separated by filtration e. g. sand from sea-water. Sedimentation is also a process of separation, decantation (pouring the liquid off and leaving the solid at the bottom undisturbed) can be done after this. Separation of issolved solids in liquid: evaporation is a method used so that the solid is left while the liquid is evaporated. Separation of liquids: distillation can be used, it is the process in which a solution or mixture of liquids is boiled with vapour formed by being condensed back to a liquid in a different part of the apparatus, and thus separating. Fractional distillation can also be used if the boiling points of two liquids are clo se together. Separation of gases: Gases are generally separated by using either differences in boiling points or differences in solubilities in liquids such as water. Identify the industrial separation processes used on a mixture obtained from the biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere or atmosphere and use the evidence available to: identify the properties of the mixture used in its separation identify the products of separation and their uses discuss issues associated with wastes from the processes used Separation of solids of different sizes: Solids of different sizes can be separated by sieving, separation of solids and liquids through sedimentation or decantation. Separation of dissolved solids in liquid by evaporating, separation of liquids with distillation or fractional distillation, separation of gases by using either differences in boiling points or differences in solubilities in liquids such as water. When separating salt water, that is sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (H2O), this will result in normal drinking water and table salt. 2. Although most elements are found in combinations on Earth, some elements are found uncombined Explain the relationship between the reactivity of an element and the likelihood of its existing as an uncombined element. The lower the elements reactivity the lower it is prone to react to another element, and this is because it only needs a minimum amount of electrons to become stable, meaning that it is already quite stable but not perfectly leading it not being that reactive and therefore staying as an uncombined element. Account for the uses of metals and nonmetals in terms of their physical properties. The common uses for metals such as iron, aluminium, copper and lead are for building materials, cars, planes, trains, machinery, electrical wiring, domestic appliances and household goods. It is the physical properties of the metals that most often determine which metal will be used for a particular product. The physical properties most commonly involved are melting point, density, electrical conductivity, hardness and tensile strength. The major uses of non-metals are as compounds. Wide ranges of compounds of non-metals are used in fuels, fertilisers, building materials, furniture, plastics, synthetic fibres, drugs, pesticides, paints, detergents, adhesives and cosmetics. Analyse information from secondary sources to distinguish the physical properties of metals and non-metals. Physical properties for Metals: Good electrical conductors and heat conductors. * Malleable can be beaten into thin sheets. * Ductile can be stretched into wire. * Possess metallic lustre * Opaque as thin sheet. * Solid at room temperature (except Hg). Physical Properties for Non-metals: * Poor conductors of heat and electricity. * Brittle if a solid. * Not ductile. * Do not possess metallic lustre * Transparent as a thin sheet. * Solids, liquids or gases at room temperature. Periodic Table: Semi-metals Semi-metals Non-metals Non-metals Naturally the substances that are liquids at room temperature (25 degrees) are mercury and bromine. The substances that are naturally gases at room temperature are oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon, fluorine and chlorine. The rest are solids. 3. Elements in Earth materials are present mostly as compounds because of interactions at the atomic level. Identify that matter is made of particles that are continuously moving and interacting. All matter is made up of small particles. In solids, these particles are packed closely together in an orderly array. These cause solids to have definite shapes and to be relatively hard. In solids the particles vibrate slightly. In liquids, the particles are arranged in a much less orderly fashion than in solids and they move about much more freely. Particles in liquids possess more motion—more kinetic energy, we say—and the forces between neighbouring particles are comparatively weaker than in solids. The motion of particles in liquids is not confined to vibration as in solids, but also involves random translation from one place to another in the bulk of the liquid as shown. In gases, the particles are much further apart than in solids or liquids, and they are in very rapid random motion. The particles are so far apart and moving so rapidly that there are no significant forces between them. Describe qualitatively the energy levels of electrons in atoms. Electrons in an atom exist in discrete energy levels which we call first, second, third and so on. Each of these energy levels can only accommodate certain amount of electrons. The first level only holds 2 electrons and second hold eight, the nth energy level is calculated by the formula 2n2 electrons. Describe atoms in terms of mass number and atomic number. Atoms are made up of electrons, neutrons and protons. The protons and neutrons stay in nucleus and the electrons orbit around them. The atomic number is described by the number of protons in the nucleus. The atomic mass number is the number of protons + neutrons in the nucleus of the atom. Describe the formation of ionic compounds in terms of the attraction of ions of opposite charge. Ionic compounds are formed because an atom that is not stable tends to give away a certain amount of electrons to become stable while the other electron needs to gain some to become stable. These two atoms give and accept, leading them to become an ion. Therefore there are strong electrostatic forces holding the ions together as ionic compounds. Describe molecules as particles which can move independently of each other. Particles are packed closely together in an orderly array in solids. In liquids they are arranged in a much less orderly fashion than in solids, and they move more freely, and in gases the particles are much further apart than in solids or liquids and are in a very rapid motion gaining more kinetic energy leading to the particles moving independently. As the particles move faster and further in distance the significant forces between them diminish. Distinguish between molecules containing one atom (the noble gases) and molecules with more than one atom. All elements wish to have a noble gas configuration that is to become stable. Elements in group 1 lose 1 electron to become a stable. Group tend to lose 2 electrons, Group 4 elements either lose 4 or gain 4 electrons. Describe the formation of covalent molecules in terms of sharing of electrons. Covalent bonds are formed between pairs of atoms that both need to form noble gas configuration. This is done by creating a covalent bond, and sharing the needed amount of electrons, satisfying and stabilising both atoms. . Energy is required to extract elements from their naturally occurring source Identify the differences between physical and chemical change in terms of rearrangement of particles. Changing the state of a substance, changing the physical appearance, dissolving the solid in a liquid and separating mixtures do not require any new substance to be formed. A change in which no new substances are formed is called a physical change. On the other hand, when change in which at least a new substance is formed, e. g. heating green copper carbonate to form a black solid and colourless gas, is a chemical change. Summarise the differences between the boiling and electrolysis of water as an example of the difference between physical and chemical change. The processes boiling water and electrolysing water are two very different things. Eletrocysing the water causes it to produce two new substances, hydrogen and oxygen gases whereas the boiling of water just converts it from liquid to vapour. The electrolysis of water is also very difficult to reverse and hence the difference between physical and chemical change is portrayed through these two processes. Analyse and present information to model the boiling of water and the electrolysis of water tracing the movements of and changes in arrangements of molecule. When boiling the water just changes its’ state from liquid to vapour, and the amount of vapour is equal to the amount of water, therefore there are no new substances made and there isn’t any rearrangement of particles. However, in electrolysis the particles are rearranged into hydrogen and oxygen gases, hence creating a chemical change. Explain that the amount of energy needed to separate atoms in a compound is an indication of the strength of the attraction, or bond, between them. The amount of energy that is required is directly proportionate to the strength of the attraction or bond, the energy it takes to separate atoms in a compound indicates the strength of the bond. The stronger the bond is the more energy it will take to separate. 5. The properties of elements and compounds are determined by their bonding and structure Identify differences between physical and chemical properties of elements, compounds and mixtures. Elements cannot be separated into simpler substance, and the physical properties of metals and non-metals are different. Compound is homogenous and is a pure substance that can be decomposed into simpler substances that is, elements. Compounds are at least two different atoms bonded together, therefore when separated the chemical properties are different. Mixture is an impure substance that is contaminated with small amounts of one or more other substances, physical separation techniques can separate the impurities from the purities. Distinguish between metallic, ionic and covalent bonds. Covalent bonds are between non-metals and consists of 2 or more atoms sharing electrons. A metallic bonding is between metals and aims to sustain a noble gas configuration. Ionic bonds are between both non-metals and metals where one atom gives or receives electrons from each other to become stable. Identify common elements that exist as molecules or as covalent lattices. Phosphorus and sulfur exist as covalent P4 and S8 molecules respectively. H2, F2, Cl2, O2 and N2 are diatomic gases and Br2 is a diatomic liquid while I2 is a diatomic. Describe metals as three dimensional lattices of ions in a sea of electrons. Metals are three dimensional lattices of cations in a sea of delocalised electrons and it is the attraction between the positive and negative metal ions. Describe the physical properties used to classify compounds as ionic, covalent molecular or covalent network. The physical properties to classify compounds as: Ionic are: High melting point No solid conductivity No liquid conductivity Flexible and brittle Covalent Molecular: No conductivity Soft and brittle Low melting points Covalent network has: High melting points No conductivity Hard and brittle Describe ionic compounds in terms of repeating three-dimensional lattices of ions. Ionic compounds are in the form of repeating three-dimensional lattices of ions, formed by the transferral of electrons. The positively and negatively charged ions are joined by electrostatic attraction. Choose resources and process information from secondary sources to construct and discuss the limitations of models of ionic lattices, covalent molecules and covalent and metallic lattices. The main limitations of models of ionic lattices is that sometimes the indicative features only applies a minor amount of elements or does not include all the necessary features and is predicted. The model does not apply to all ionic compounds, it only explains a small amount of ionic compounds. These limitations are similar to covalent molecules and metallic lattices.

The Existence Of Hope Joy Luck Club English Literature Essay free essay sample

What will the universe semen to when everyone gives up on hope? The universe is full of unhappiness, but what motivates us to travel forward is hope. Hope is a major subject that comes to play in today s society. Peoples frequently run into quotation marks about life, such as unrecorded today as if there is no tomorrow or dream as if you ll populate everlastingly, live as if you ll decease today and there are many more ; however to state, they all come from the thought of hope. Without hope, homo would nt endeavor to be better and to make better, for hope inspires them to make their best and be their best to make his or her end. This subject is besides portrayed in the characters from the fresh Joy Luck Club written by Amy Tan. The female parents and girls in this book face many painful obstructions that cause them to lose their artlessness ; some gave up hope, while the others were able to derive cognition from their experience and usage hope as a manner to populate a more posit ive life. We will write a custom essay sample on The Existence Of Hope Joy Luck Club English Literature Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page All in all, hope does non vouch absolute achievements ; alternatively it acts as a conduit to happen the interior strength within oneself. Oscar Romero one time said, Hope is non surrender ; it is a committedness to go on to fight. ; which explains An-mei female parent s decease. Because the constructs of hope means that one are able to happen the interior strength to go on to populate in an unpleasant or despairing state of affairs ; giving up hope means giving into 1 s ain fate/failure. An-mei s female parent clearly did non establish her life on the constructs of hope. Al though An-Mei s female parent lived a tragic life, she neer made the effort to take control over her life. Like Romero s quotation mark, An-mei s female parent did non compel to go on with the struggle to mend from it. Alternatively, she focuses on the negative things that happened in her yesteryear, such as being raped by Wu-Tsing and made her his courtesan, being bullied by the 2nd married woman and populating a disadvantage life ( non holding the portion of the house on the seashore or any regard in the household ) . All these things contribut ed to her loss of artlessness, but instead doing good usage out of the lessons she had experienced, she chose to acquire back at Wu-Tsing for her suffering life by devouring opium to stop her life [ .. ] She would instead kill her ain weak spirit so she could give me a stronger one ( 240 ) . An-mei s female parent believes that this is her lone solution and by making this, she ll be able to learn her girl to be stronger and happier than she will of all time be and that Wu-Tsing will populate a life full of guilt. This is the consequence of loss of hope, where a individual makes a lasting solution for a impermanent job because Wu-Tsing was non guilty of his incorrect behaviors, alternatively he is merely afraid of her spirit traveling after him. As for An-mei ; she was non happy because her female parent s decease brought her a more nice life, alternatively her female parent s tragic life and decease non merely took her artlessness off but have besides taught her to hold hope inste ad than being hopeless like her female parent. Rose Hsu Jordan, the girl of An-Mei Hsu. Al though her relationship position is really similar to her grandma s ( An- Mei s female parent ) , she really found her interior strength towards the terminal. Rose is married to Ted Jordan, who takes entire control over her. But when his occupation failed, he made Rose take up all the duties ; cognizing that Rose can non make up ones mind for herself, because she s been so dependent for so many old ages and the fact that she blames herself for her brother s decease made her even more insecure when doing determinations. When Ted requested a divorce, Rose s life started to alter. Being so dependent, providing to Ted wholly along, Rose s life jumbles apart. It was non until subsequently, that she realizes that she does non necessitate Ted to be able to last. We know that Rose goes through emotional phrases after her divorce with Ted When something that violent his you, you ca nt assist but lose your balance and autumn. And after you pick your self up, you realize you ca nt swear anybody to salvage you- non your hubby, non your female parent, non God. [ aˆÂ ¦ ] ( 121 ) , but the fact that Rose was able to pick herself up and confront her job after sing the resentment of her divorce and losing her artlessness, shows that she is at least following the constructs of hope, where she is perpetrating to go on with the battle instead than killing herself like her grandma. As we can see, hope is the foundation to construct one s life upon. Al though confronting many obstructions, An-Mei and her girl Rose were able to last the sorrowful events that happened in their lives, whereas An-Mei s female parent did non. They were able to see the construct of losing artlessness, but non trust , found their interior strength to confront their battles, learned from it and populate a more positive life.